Tuesday 28 May 2013
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CSS3 Animations

CSS3 Animations

With CSS3, we can create animations, which can replace animated images, Flash animations, and JavaScripts in many web pages.

CSS3
Animation

CSS3 @keyframes Rule

To create animations in CSS3, you will have to learn about the @keyframes rule.
The @keyframes rule is where the animation is created. Specify a CSS style inside the @keyframes rule and the animation will gradually change from the current style to the new style.

Browser Support

PropertyBrowser Support
@keyframes
animation
Internet Explorer 10, Firefox, and Opera supports the @keyframes rule and animation property.
Chrome and Safari requires the prefix -webkit-.
Note: Internet Explorer 9, and earlier versions, does not support the @keyframe rule or animation property.

OperaSafariChromeFirefoxInternet Explorer

Example

@keyframes myfirst
{
from {background: red;}
to {background: yellow;}
}

@-webkit-keyframes myfirst /* Safari and Chrome */
{
from {background: red;}
to {background: yellow;}
}


CSS3 animation

When the animation is created in the @keyframe, bind it to a selector, otherwise the animation will have no effect.
Bind the animation to a selector by specifying at least these two CSS3 animation properties:
  • Specify the name of the animation
  • Specify the duration of the animation
OperaSafariChromeFirefoxInternet Explorer

Example

Binding the "myfirst" animation to a div element, duration: 5 seconds:
div
{
animation: myfirst 5s;
-webkit-animation: myfirst 5s; /* Safari and Chrome */
}
Note: You must define the name and the duration of the animation. If duration is omitted, the animation will not run, because the default value is 0.

What are Animations in CSS3?

An animation is an effect that lets an element gradually change from one style to another.
You can change as many styles you want, as many times you want.
Specify when the change will happen in percent, or the keywords "from" and "to", which is the same as 0% and 100%.
0% is the beginning of the animation, 100% is when the animation is complete.
For best browser support, you should always define both the 0% and the 100% selectors.
OperaSafariChromeFirefoxInternet Explorer

Example

Change the background color when the animation is 25%, 50%, and again when the animation is 100% complete:
@keyframes myfirst
{
0%   {background: red;}
25%  {background: yellow;}
50%  {background: blue;}
100% {background: green;}
}

@-webkit-keyframes myfirst /* Safari and Chrome */
{
0%   {background: red;}
25%  {background: yellow;}
50%  {background: blue;}
100% {background: green;}
}

OperaSafariChromeFirefoxInternet Explorer

Example

Change the background color and position:
@keyframes myfirst
{
0%   {background: red; left:0px; top:0px;}
25%  {background: yellow; left:200px; top:0px;}
50%  {background: blue; left:200px; top:200px;}
75%  {background: green; left:0px; top:200px;}
100% {background: red; left:0px; top:0px;}
}

@-webkit-keyframes myfirst /* Safari and Chrome */
{
0%   {background: red; left:0px; top:0px;}
25%  {background: yellow; left:200px; top:0px;}
50%  {background: blue; left:200px; top:200px;}
75%  {background: green; left:0px; top:200px;}
100% {background: red; left:0px; top:0px;}
}


CSS3 Animation Properties

The following table lists the @keyframes rule and all the animation properties:
PropertyDescriptionCSS
@keyframesSpecifies the animation3
animationA shorthand property for all the the animation properties, except the animation-play-state property3
animation-nameSpecifies the name of the @keyframes animation3
animation-durationSpecifies how many seconds or milliseconds an animation takes to complete one cycle. Default 03
animation-timing-functionDescribes how the animation will progress over one cycle of its duration. Default "ease"3
animation-delaySpecifies when the animation will start. Default 03
animation-iteration-countSpecifies the number of times an animation is played. Default 13
animation-directionSpecifies whether or not the animation should play in reverse on alternate cycles. Default "normal"3
animation-play-stateSpecifies whether the animation is running or paused. Default "running"3
The two examples below sets all the animation properties:
OperaSafariChromeFirefoxInternet Explorer

Example

Run an animation called myfirst, with all the animation properties set:
div
{
animation-name: myfirst;
animation-duration: 5s;
animation-timing-function: linear;
animation-delay: 2s;
animation-iteration-count: infinite;
animation-direction: alternate;
animation-play-state: running;
/* Safari and Chrome: */
-webkit-animation-name: myfirst;
-webkit-animation-duration: 5s;
-webkit-animation-timing-function: linear;
-webkit-animation-delay: 2s;
-webkit-animation-iteration-count: infinite;
-webkit-animation-direction: alternate;
-webkit-animation-play-state: running;
}

OperaSafariChromeFirefoxInternet Explorer

Example

The same animation as above, using the shorthand animation property:
div
{
animation: myfirst 5s linear 2s infinite alternate;
/* Safari and Chrome: */
-webkit-animation: myfirst 5s linear 2s infinite alternate;
}

Parthiv Patel
Bhaishri Info Solution
Sr. PHP Developer
Limdi Chowk, AT PO. Nar, Di. Anand
Nar, Gujarat
388150
India
pparthiv2412@gmail.com
7383343029
DOB: 12/24/1986

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